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Oracle11新特性——备份恢复功能增强（八）

上一篇 / 下一篇  2007-12-07 00:00:00 / 个人分类：ORACLE

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打算写一系列的文章介绍11g的新特性和变化。

Oracle11g在备份和恢复方面新增了很多的功能，无论是性能、功能性、安全性和可操作性方面都有了不同程度的提高。

这一篇介绍DATA GUARD集成性方面的提高。

Oracle11新特性——备份恢复功能增强（一）：http://yangtingkun.itpub.net/post/468/412991

Oracle11新特性——备份恢复功能增强（二）：http://yangtingkun.itpub.net/post/468/414647

Oracle11新特性——备份恢复功能增强（三）：http://yangtingkun.itpub.net/post/468/414834

Oracle11新特性——备份恢复功能增强（四）：http://yangtingkun.itpub.net/post/468/414941

Oracle11新特性——备份恢复功能增强（五）：http://yangtingkun.itpub.net/post/468/416015

Oracle11新特性——备份恢复功能增强（六）：http://yangtingkun.itpub.net/post/468/423531

Oracle11新特性——备份恢复功能增强（七）：http://yangtingkun.itpub.net/post/468/426943


eL radyS0

由于物理STANDBY相当于PRIMARY数据库的备份，因此物理STANDBY和PRIMARY数据库可以共用一套备份。

在11g中，为了实现DATA GUARD环境中备份的通用性，rman在DATA GUARD环境集成方面有了很大的提高。

首先rman可以为DATA GUARD环境中的各个数据库设置不同的配置。这个功能需要在CATALOG模式下实现，首先两边登陆RMAN并连接CATALOG注册数据库信息：

[oracle@yangtk ~]$ rman target / catalog catalog_11g/CATALOG_11G

Recovery Manager: Release 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on Thu Nov 8 10:52:33 2007

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: ORA11G (DBID=4026820313)ITPUB个人空间ah f1];`7a{_I"w8A
connected to recovery catalog database

RMAN> backup spfile;

Starting backup at 08-NOV-07
9m*|'XOi-Y4q0allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
KB-n$dL7h4[QP0channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=133 device type=DISKITPUB个人空间lgG1c(Z-w"Ja.d
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup setITPUB个人空间 `,@2p t8U!@!yPR!x
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup setITPUB个人空间geDO#I\kM"S
including current SPFILE in backup setITPUB个人空间c;F"c7`2Oe)X.y
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 08-NOV-07ITPUB个人空间P'e,E1AV'T/\m
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 08-NOV-07
w:`l/t | Rv0piece handle=/data1/backup/1ej0hbk3_1_1 tag=TAG20071108T105250 comment=NONEITPUB个人空间ymID9n(T7q g0U
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01ITPUB个人空间2D%|8xTN~*dC,X
Finished backup at 08-NOV-07

RMAN> exit


fylc^8q5{0Recovery Manager complete.

登陆standby数据库，同样执行备份，来注册数据库信息：

[oracle@yangtk2 ~]$ rman target / catalog catalog_11g/CATALOG_11G@ora11g_p

Recovery Manager: Release 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on Fri Nov 30 23:00:36 2007

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: ORA11G (DBID=4026820313)ITPUB个人空间2T$k^pO
connected to recovery catalog database

RMAN> backup spfile;

Starting backup at 30-NOV-07ITPUB个人空间W6V:f{0Gw
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
9Y^I[2B Vog3z0channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=145 device type=DISKITPUB个人空间 @1W$ulP;n0L#ic$n
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
8abZG,V,q0channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup setITPUB个人空间Z0g2t?'QU0Id/UN
including current SPFILE in backup setITPUB个人空间Q'`7w W3f5H Z:d:w
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 30-NOV-07ITPUB个人空间F$] Y.sL/D
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 30-NOV-07ITPUB个人空间*e(H$B$^H
piece handle=/data1/backup/18j2cmgt_1_1 tag=TAG20071130T230045 comment=NONE
&w\a;P8k_0channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01ITPUB个人空间0G I h sZ
Finished backup at 30-NOV-07

RMAN> exit

ITPUB个人空间Gr"_!i?6o'|9g d
Recovery Manager complete.

下面可以为不同db_unique_name设置不同的参数：

[oracle@yangtk ~]$ rman target / catalog catalog_11g/CATALOG_11G

Recovery Manager: Release 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on Thu Nov 8 10:44:35 2007

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: ORA11G (DBID=4026820313)
9gKn(pH"|jk c~~;K0connected to recovery catalog database

RMAN> configure controlfile autobackup on for db_unique_name all;


lU!Pp%_B$U7JS0new RMAN configuration parameters:
$?YR.g(P-Jv0CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;ITPUB个人空间5Jxbm {[4Vd
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

old RMAN configuration parameters:
F`@7w(g7NYT0CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF;
F'pLEn0Qy5?0new RMAN configuration parameters:
(F-Bw|![sd_.t0CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
KKz!U1~H%c/M0new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully storedITPUB个人空间at)]2N t'_5}d
starting full resync of recovery catalog
`9U/UNMD0full resync complete

RMAN> configure controlfile autobackup format for device type disk to '/data1/backup/%F' for db_unique_name ora11g_p;

new RMAN configuration parameters:
tMg8be3S K0CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/data1/backup/%F';ITPUB个人空间 bZJ"GN2V~
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully storedITPUB个人空间)I8N8r @6a/d.nZ/n
starting full resync of recovery catalogITPUB个人空间X9d s+M9yT9Y9Dv&L;`P
full resync complete

RMAN> configure controlfile autobackup format for device type disk to '/data1/%F' for db_unique_name ora11g_s;

new RMAN configuration parameters:ITPUB个人空间1c*r{hns9O8_$^
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/data1/%F';
h#O_0xo#Ne0new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

RMAN> show controlfile autobackup;

RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name ORA11G_P are:ITPUB个人空间Dk3Xq*c~FM$U
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

RMAN> show controlfile autobackup format;

RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name ORA11G_P are:ITPUB个人空间Wk$F'RqJ#o,x
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/data1/backup/%F';

RMAN> show controlfile autobackup format for db_unique_name all;


!tp#aE"M#pKs0RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name ORA11G_P are:ITPUB个人空间[Z7](E1XW
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/data1/backup/%F';

RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name ORA11G_S are:
}X!R"HF9l,q WI0CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/data1/%F';

RMAN> backup tablespace yangtk;

Starting backup at 08-NOV-07ITPUB个人空间E0`;u4S"H4|!A N [+a3Z
using channel ORA_DISK_1
ZY.a+J$v n(i-rY0channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
F&oFH$EUP0channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
\L ir^w0input datafile file number=00005 name=/data/oracle/oradata/ora11g/ORA11G_P/datafile/o1_mf_yangtk_3d3kn7k4_.dbfITPUB个人空间K5}$Fj0?5P:R
input datafile file number=00006 name=/data/oracle/oradata/ora11g/ORA11G_P/datafile/o1_mf_yangtk_3g73q02m_.dbfITPUB个人空间E-a{-{f
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 08-NOV-07
QXFB[0channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 08-NOV-07
r"h-~ETg+c0piece handle=/data1/backup/1cj0hbh3_1_1 tag=TAG20071108T105114 comment=NONEITPUB个人空间5]O~YN S
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
xS7S9g_j0Finished backup at 08-NOV-07

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 08-NOV-07
F!B7@8Pl0HkW }$R0piece handle=/data1/backup/c-4026820313-20071108-00 comment=NONEITPUB个人空间G8|-f^8m&Eq
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 08-NOV-07

下面登陆STANDBY数据库执行备份：

[oracle@yangtk2 ~]$ rman target / catalog catalog_11g/CATALOG_11G@ora11g_p

Recovery Manager: Release 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on Fri Nov 30 22:58:53 2007

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: ORA11G (DBID=4026820313)
`'WW,\)[S-}%L0connected to recovery catalog database

RMAN> backup tablespace yangtk;

Starting backup at 30-NOV-07ITPUB个人空间 @2Q V9|!bWQ7VA
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1ITPUB个人空间$Z OxPNA!?:goq
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=142 device type=DISK
q+F6^6wiJ,CH\0channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
0v;p4won`Q(v0channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup setITPUB个人空间!|-?*F nw7\j8iq
input datafile file number=00005 name=/data/oracle/oradata/ora11g/ORA11G_P/datafile/o1_mf_yangtk_3d3kn7k4_.dbfITPUB个人空间G ]"F-H8q5A9R8Qi)s
input datafile file number=00006 name=/data/oracle/oradata/ora11g/ORA11G_P/datafile/o1_mf_yangtk_3g73q02m_.dbf
8~C zY~9Qgq{0channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 30-NOV-07
8XWOc%}9InE3xN F0channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 30-NOV-07ITPUB个人空间9f:gli&L |
piece handle=/data1/backup/16j2cmdl_1_1 tag=TAG20071130T225901 comment=NONEITPUB个人空间A A9t;C3Bc~hV
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
`4W4@R!{7a%a5E0Finished backup at 30-NOV-07

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 30-NOV-07
4b4? i+K6W g"|nD0piece handle=/data1/c-4026820313-20071130-00 comment=NONE
^Q@4B r"}b0Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 30-NOV-07

有了这种方式，就可以根据主库和备份的不同来设置不同的备份格式以及备份策略。

除了这个功能，11g还可以在standby controlfile和controlfile文件之间转化，避免了create standby controlfile的步骤，这个例子在上面一篇文章中DUPLICATE FROM ACTIVE DATABASE创建STANDBY数据库中已经展示过了。

另外，RMAN还可以设置备份专门为某个数据库恢复之用，登陆PRIMARY数据库，检查刚才备份的表空间：

RMAN> list backup of tablespace yangtk;


-N5L}_rK0List of Backup SetsITPUB个人空间Nz\AwT
===================

ITPUB个人空间t+pN3I]
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
v1Te I l-e5c0------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
%nM^8xK2u&[0759 Full 196.27M DISK 00:00:27 08-NOV-07
3[crC$LI0 BP Key: 760 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20071108T105114
,p2G.P#G0Q0 Piece Name: /data1/backup/1cj0hbh3_1_1ITPUB个人空间Ql \ I\+YMd
List of Datafiles in backup set 759ITPUB个人空间|}r$T~ LT-D}
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time NameITPUB个人空间?L;JU"{.g
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----ITPUB个人空间d nz.F3y'n9qFU
5 Full 4389571 08-NOV-07 /data/oracle/oradata/ora11g/ORA11G_P/datafile/o1_mf_yangtk_3d3kn7k4_.dbfITPUB个人空间nl"]Ao
6 Full 4389571 08-NOV-07 /data/oracle/oradata/ora11g/ORA11G_P/datafile/o1_mf_yangtk_3g73q02m_.dbf

登陆STANDBY数据库检查备份，并设置这个备份为主库恢复所用：

RMAN> list backup of tablespace yangtk;

ITPUB个人空间K&P!f-W/c6z
List of Backup SetsITPUB个人空间ye2sMT g
===================

ITPUB个人空间Ajp(uJ`,Q#m
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
]'r}FB-[ l0------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
Bp S0ib'vR0813 Full 196.22M DISK 00:00:18 30-NOV-07
D#f[$rY,h0 BP Key: 814 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20071130T225901ITPUB个人空间 _jXz"Xlv X-ar
Piece Name: /data1/backup/16j2cmdl_1_1ITPUB个人空间B4x b8wMI._
List of Datafiles in backup set 813ITPUB个人空间|0^'Yx-y7}$jE/]
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
5sP?_R4J n0 ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
'A_ m4t}O c0 5 Full 4384953 08-NOV-07 /data/oracle/oradata/ora11g/ORA11G_P/datafile/o1_mf_yangtk_3d3kn7k4_.dbfITPUB个人空间Nz[LS
6 Full 4384953 08-NOV-07 /data/oracle/oradata/ora11g/ORA11G_P/datafile/o1_mf_yangtk_3g73q02m_.dbf

RMAN> change backup of tablespace yangtk reset db_unique_name to ora11g_p;

change backup piece db_unique_name
d5N y%dB1S1Dlv)U h0backup piece handle=/data1/backup/16j2cmdl_1_1 RECID=30 STAMP=640047541ITPUB个人空间QLhd s9r9Gt [!B,p
Changed 1 objects db_unique_name


"b tB.w)S1t0RMAN> list backup of tablespace yangtk;

ITPUB个人空间+_*d}6fZ,fB
RMAN>

下面再检查主库备份：

RMAN> list backup of tablespace yangtk;


/{:HxDM5n TS0List of Backup Sets
J(q+~2GH0d4s4iK0===================

ITPUB个人空间5a OJ5C y3W9d/i^
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion TimeITPUB个人空间T"v7HP`
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------ITPUB个人空间$t4_ k4P^,NaG+J4U
759 Full 196.27M DISK 00:00:27 08-NOV-07
CR.D;]2Lqb0 BP Key: 760 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20071108T105114ITPUB个人空间aE9@&O\$x9P
Piece Name: /data1/backup/1cj0hbh3_1_1
(h&@TZPdE3E_i-w0 List of Datafiles in backup set 759
O4B j pk ^8F0 File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time NameITPUB个人空间aP#g+gL$i&H
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1c#FG2q"[f}lg:~0 5 Full 4389571 08-NOV-07 /data/oracle/oradata/ora11g/ORA11G_P/datafile/o1_mf_yangtk_3d3kn7k4_.dbfITPUB个人空间aKb-R/P$C{
6 Full 4389571 08-NOV-07 /data/oracle/oradata/ora11g/ORA11G_P/datafile/o1_mf_yangtk_3g73q02m_.dbf

BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion TimeITPUB个人空间 J8g8o v]G;po
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------ITPUB个人空间 i@/Oa6~ hg!S
813 Full 196.22M DISK 00:00:18 30-NOV-07 ITPUB个人空间-O*i;va's
BP Key: 814 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20071130T225901
Q/Und AOw0 Piece Name: /data1/backup/16j2cmdl_1_1ITPUB个人空间&j`C9?Dz7^Sc]
List of Datafiles in backup set 813ITPUB个人空间#ZM#P+P Q2F0YF;i
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time NameITPUB个人空间;c uF[d Tz;I@M
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----ITPUB个人空间7U6Py!GPa'`'|r
5 Full 4384953 08-NOV-07 /data/oracle/oradata/ora11g/ORA11G_P/datafile/o1_mf_yangtk_3d3kn7k4_.dbf
ZFX8Nk_:^_Q0 6 Full 4384953 08-NOV-07 /data/oracle/oradata/ora11g/ORA11G_P/datafile/o1_mf_yangtk_3g73q02m_.dbf

相应的备份信息已经出现在主库中了。不过要进行恢复的话，仍然需要将备份拷贝到主站点上才可以。


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