Unix 系统 root 用户的 connect / as sysdba 的问题

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昨天晚上，一位在 aix 平台下运行 Oracle 的哥们儿说，用户 root 在 sqlplus connect / as sysdba 出错。

主要的错误是，

1. sqlplus / as sysdba --> ora-01031
2. sqlplus sys/password@sid as sysdba --> ora-01017

当时没有环境进行测试。今天在自己的机器上面作了测试：

1. 把 root 加入 group dba
2. export $ORACLE_HOME, PATH and $ORACLE_SID

LOG:

# id
uid=0(root) gid=0(system) groups=2(bin),3(sys),7(security),8(cron),10(audit),11(lp),201(ivmgr),202(tivoli),600(dba),601(oradba)

# env
_=/usr/bin/env
LANG=en_US
LOGIN=root
PATH=/usr/bin:/etc:/usr/sbin:/usr/ucb:/usr/bin/X11:/sbin:/usr/java14/jre/bin:/usr/java14/bin:/portal/infra/bin
LC__FASTMSG=true
LOGNAME=root
MAIL=/usr/spool/mail/root
ORACLE_SID=infra
LOCPATH=/usr/lib/nls/loc
USER=root
AUTHSTATE=compat
SHELL=/usr/bin/ksh
ODMDIR=/etc/objrepos
HOME=/
TERM=ansi
MAILMSG=[YOU HAVE NEW MAIL]
ORACLE_HOME=/portal/infra
PWD=/portal/infra/bin
TZ=EST5EDT
A__z=! LOGNAME
NLSPATH=/usr/lib/nls/msg/%L/%N:/usr/lib/nls/msg/%L/%N.cat

然后测试，居然正常：

#sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 10.1.0.4.2 - Production on Wed Mar 5 10:40:47 2008
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL> connect / as sysdba
ERROR:
ORA-12546: TNS:permission denied

SQL> connect sys/passwprd@infra as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> show user
USER is "SYS"

SQL> select name from v$database;
NAME
---------
INFRA

SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.1.0.4.2 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

所以，如果 root 不能 connect /as sysdba 应该是特例吧。

顺便给出来当前的 tnsnames.ora, listener.ora 和 sqlnet.ora 文件。

# more $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /portal/infra/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

INFRA =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = fuboces.nasboces.org)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = infra.nasboces.org)

)